Charge-forming device for internal-combustion engines



W. L. RICE.

CHARGE FORMING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTIOQ ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT-13,1920.

Patented Feb. 14, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

W. 1.. RICE. CHARGE FORMING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES. APPLICATION FILED SEPT-13,1920.

WALTER 1.. men, or DENVER, doLoRAno.

CHARGE-FORMING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

v Specification of Letters Patent. Patented F b. 14 1922 Application filed September 13, 1920. Serial No. 409,953.

T 0 all whom it mag concern:

Be it known that I, WALTER L. R1012, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at the city and county of Denver and State of Colorado. have invented a new and useful Char e-Forming Device for Internal- Combustion ngines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a new and improved carburetor for generating gas from gasoline or other volatile, combustible liquids, to provide fuel for internal combustion engines.

And the objects of my invention are:-

First: To provide a gasoline and air fuelizing carburetor that mixes a supply 01? the exhaust explosive gases from the manifold with the inflowing gasoline and heats the gasoline to a high temperature and vaporizes it and then mixes it with a supply of air in a carbureting chamber.

Second: To provide a gasoline and air heating and fuelizing carbureting apparatus .in which the hot exhaust gases of the exhaust manifold are conveyed in contact with a needle valve controlled gasoline supply. and the gasoline or other fuel is first volatilized to a hot gas by the hot exhaust gases before it is admitted to air in a carburetor.

Third: To provide a simple gasoline and air heating and mixing carbureting'apparatus that is, provided with a manually adjustable gasoline needle suction operated airinlet valve and an explosive mixture controlling valve thatv are operated from the dash board of the automobile, and that is provided with an automatically operating air inlet valve. I

I attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

5 Fig, 1 is a side elevation of an automobile engine, showing the application of the improved carburetor thereto.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged-side elevation of the carburetor. a

Fig; 3 is aplan view of the same.

2 Fig.4 is a sectional view on the line 4-4 of-Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is asectional v.ew on the line 5-5 1 .o'fFig.3. 1 v Fig. 6 is a sectional view on the line 6-6 0f Figl Fig. 7 is a sectional View on the line 7 7 of Fig. 3, and

Fig. 8 is a sectio nalview through the gasoline cup, showing the float and valve for regulating the admission of gasoline to the to the gasoline supply tank, which I do not illustrate, by a pipe 5, and the numeral 6 designates a pipe that extends from the cup 4: to and connects to a casting 7 that forms the supporting base of my carburetor, and t is provided with projecting pipe receiving lugs 7". and 7 The cup is provided with a gasoline needle inlet valve 4 and. with a float 4 that is arranged to open or close the needle valve to admit or shut off the flow of gasoline. This casting is an elongated casting that is provided with three apertures, 8, 9 and 1().- One end of a pipe 11, is secured to the threaded aperture 8 of the lug 7 of the casing and the other end of this pipe is secured to a threaded aperture that is formed in the adjacent side of the ex- -make these coils about four inches in diame ter, but they may be made either larger or smaller in diameter than four inches, if desired. The free end of the pipe 6, is secured in a hole 15, that is formed in the casting be tween the apertures 8 and 10. This hole is separated from the apertures 8 and 10, by

partitions 16, 17 and 18, around the inner ends of which there is an aperture 18*, that intersects the apertures 8 and 10. The holes that receive the pipes 6 and 12 are drilled into the casting and into a longitudinal aperture 19, that is formed centrally through the casting, and extends throughout its length from the apertures 8 and 9 and aperture 10. Consequently these holes 8, 9, 1O

/ and 19 all intersect each other.

pipe lug Two coils,

The partition 16, is provided with a small needle valve receiving aperture 20, which projects through it into the aperture 10, and the top of the casting is provided with an upward projecting lug 7 in which a needle valve stem 21, is threaded at its upper end and which is tapered at its lower terminal end into a needle valve that fits the aperture formed in the partition 16, to receive it. The upper'end of the valve stem extends above the lug 7 and a hand wheel 21*, is secured on its end, by which the valve stem may be turned in the threaded lug to raise or lower, and thus to open or close the needle valve in its valve seat aperture 20, in the partition 16; and thus permit any desired quantity of gasoline to flow into the aperture 10, and the coiled pipe 12. Or, by closing this needle valve, to prevent any gasoline from flowing into the aperture 9, and the coiled pipe 12.

I provide the central portion of the casting with an upwardly projecting extension portion 23, which contains an aperture 24, that extends through it and connects with the transverse aperture 19, and also extends through the bottom of the casting 7.

At the top of the extension portion 23, of

the casting 7 an air mixing chamber 25, is'

formed, which is considerably larger in diameter than the extension 23, but it is preferably made an integral part of the exten sion 23, and of the casting 7. This air mixing chamber consists of a casing, preferably of cylindrical form, that contains a heated. gas and air mixing or carbureting chamber 27 The carbureting chamber casing is provided with a closed upper or top, and also with a closed bottom or floor portion, except that its bottom-end is provided with oppositely positioned air inlet apertures 28,

and its upper end is prpvided with an explosive or carbureted mlxture inlet hole 29, that extends up through an extension por' tion 30, that is preferably of smaller diameter than the c'arbureting chamber, and which, at its upper end, is provided with a flange 31, that is arranged and adapted to be connected to the flange 3, at the lower end of the intake manifold 2.

The air'inlet apertures 28, are opened or closed as desired, by a flat thin discshaped valve 33, that is mounted on and is secured on a reduced hub portion 34, of a sleeve 35, that is rotatably mounted in the aperture 24, of the extension, and is secured therein-by a nut 36, that is turned onthe hub 34, which is threaded to receive it. This nut is also arranged to hold the discshaped valve against the shoulder 37, of the sleeve. On top of the fiat disc, I place a loose diaphragm 38*, this loose diaphragm comprises a thin disc of metal or any other suitable material and it has a hole through it that is larger than the nut 36, but this loose diaphragm disc is made wide enough to cover the port hole in the flat disc valve, and it acts as an automatic air inlet regulator that is responsive to the action of the dered portion 38, thatprevents it from moving up, and the nut 36, prevents it from moving down in the casting 7 or its extension 23-, or in the bottom end of the carburetor chambers casing, and its lower end projects down below the casting 7, far

enough to enable a handle 40, to be se-' cured to it at one end, while the opposite end of this handle is connected to one end of a pull rod 41, that leads to the inside of the dash board of the automobile, and is arranged to be manipulated by the driver of the automobile to control the flow of air into the carbureting chamber. \Vhen this handle and sleeve are turned, they turn the flat disc-shaped valve with it, and the opposite sides of this flat disc-shaped valve are provided with concentrically arranged apertures or ports 41, that are as large as the air inlet aper tures or ports in the floor of the carbureting chamber casing, and by turning the handle 40, this flat disc-shaped valve is turned to allow its valve ports to register either wholly or partially with the'air inlet ports in the floor of the carbureting chamber. I preferably show only two air inlet ports in the floor of the carbureting chambers casing, and also in the valve, but three or four may be used if desired.

The sleeve 35, is provided with an axial aperture that extends to and connects through two separate and independent ports 42 and 43, that are positioned at right angles to each other or-in quartering relation to each other in and through the shell of the sleeve 35, so that they will register alternately with the apertures 19 and 19 in the castlng 7, for a purpose that Will be explained fully hereinafter.

The extension portion 30, at the top of the ca'rbureting chamber is provided with an axial outlet aperture 29, that is large enough for thevolume of explosive mixture that is formed in it to flow, readily through it, and it is provided with a throttle valve '44, that is of the flat disc form and is secured on a stem 45, that extends through the side of the extension, and a crank handle 46, is secured to 1t, the outer end of which is connected to one end of a wire rod 47, the opposite end of which extends to and is arranged to be manipulated from the dash board of the automobile.

The pipe 11, from the exhaust ports of the engine, together with the passages 8, 18 and 10, and the coil pipe 12, the passage 19 and their member 35, constitute, in practice, one continuous pipe or passage to the air mixing chamber 27, which opens into the intake pipe, which is connected with the intake ports of the engine supplying it with an explosive mixture. Midway in this pipe or passage is located a needle valve opening, which is connected with and supplies liquid fuel; when the engine is in operation, the suction created by the impulses of the pistons draws the hot exhaust gases from the exhaust ports of the engine through this passage, over the needle valve opening, drawing therefrom a supply of liquid fuel and breakin it into a fine spray or atomized condition. T with the hot exhaust gases from the engine through the remainder of the pipe or pas sage, which is of such length as to retain the liquid within it until it is completely volatilized and is then drawn into and through'the air mixing chamber andsupply pipe into the engine cylinders.

The operationis as follows:

The supply ofgasoline flows from the gasoline supply tank of the automobile, which I do not illustrate, into the cup 4, through the pipe 5, from which the gasoline flows through the pipe 6, into the hole 15, from which it flows through the needle valve,

aperture 20,into the aperture 10, and the driver of the automobile engine and car adjustably sets this valve by hand to admit an ample flow of gasoline for general running purposes and leaves it in that set and ad- Justed position. A portion of the exhaust gases from the exhaust manifold of the engine flows continuously when the engine is running, through the pipe into the aperture 8, of the casing 7, of the casting that forms the supporting base of my fuelizing carburete'r, from which it flows around the end of the partitions 16, 17 and 18, through the end aperture 18, into the aperture-10, where it and the gasoline mixes and the gasoline becomes volatilized in the hot exhaust gases flowing into the aperture 10, from the exhaust manifold. Thenwhen the'driver desires to start the engine, he-gives the sleeve 35, by means of the wire rodand crank handle, from the dash board a one-quarter turn in the direction that causes the port 42, of the sleeve 35, to register with the longitudinal aperture 19, in the casting 7 that extends from the aperture 9, to the center of the casting 7. This turning-movement of the sleeve closes theport 4 3, of the sleeve to the aperture 19", that extends from the dis charging end of the coil 12, to the center of the casting 7. Consequently a' supply of his atomized fuel is carried and the car.

and into and up the carbureting chamber in a volume of gas that is not as rich, as in passing through the coils the amount of as entering the aperture 10, is mingled with a larger amount of the exhaust gases than when they flow almost directly into the carbureting chamber through the aperture 19, and the gasoline also has a longer time to volatilize in the hot exhaust gases as it travels with them through the coils.

v The hot gases from the exhaust manifold flow from the exhaust manifold from their own exhausting pressure or force, which it receives from the exploded gas discharging strokes of the engine. And the flowing movement of the gasoline volatilized gas and the exhaust gas through the coilsof the pipe 12, is also assisted by the suction strokes of the pistons of the engineQ Consequently, the combined hot exhaust and volatilized gasoline gas flows rapidly through the coils 12, and the basecasting 7, into and through the sleeve and into the carbureting chamber, where any desired and regulated amount the quality of explosive mixture desired by the driver of the automobile. Then, as long as the engine is running, the driver manipulates the air entrance valve andthe throttle valve to regulate the riinning of the engine When the driver desires to sto his engine, he closes the throttle valve an stops ,the flow of'the explosive-mixture to the engine from the carbureting chamber. Then the fioat inthe cup closes the needle valvein the cup so that the gasoline cannot flow into it.

My carburetor is simple and practical, and it has very few movable arts and they are not liable to get out o? order and are easily accessible to clean'and adjust, and while I have illustrated and described the preferred construction of my invention, I do not wishto be confined to it, as'changes may be made without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to Patent, is:

' 1. A fuelizing carburetor, comprising means including a pipe connected to the exhaust manifold at one end andto a passageway leading to aneedle valvesdischarging aperture; .a hand operated needle valve in secure by Letters said discharge aperture; and means connected to said passageway, including a coil of pipe for volatilizing the gasoline in and by the exhaust gases of the manifold before air is admitted to the gasoline.

2. The combination, of the exhaust manifold of iLlLlIltBlIlill combustion engine of an automobile and its hot exhaust gases; with a casting having a carbureting chamber provided with air inlets and a throttle valve controlled outlet, said casting being provided with a U-shaped exhaust-gas passageway, a pipe connecting said exhaust manifold to one end of said U-shaped passageway in said casting, said casting being provided with a gasoline inlet aperture arranged within the U-shaped exhaust gas pasageway and separated therefrom by a partition, said partition being provided with a gasoline outlet aperture leading into said exhaust gas passageway, a hand operated needle valve arranged in said casting to control said gasoline outlet aperture, means including a hollow sleeve rotatably mounted in said casting, and a passageway in said casting extendmgfrom said needle valves outlet in said U-shaped passageway, and extending from said passageway past said sleeve with a coiled pipe attached at one end to the hot exhaust outlet of said casting and connected at its opposite end to the passageway in, said casting that extends past said sleeve, said sleeve being provided with two quarter-angled ports ar: ranged to open or close the opposite sides of the passageway through said casting that crosses said sleeve, a flat disk valve secured to said sleeve and provided with air inlet apertures, said valve being arranged to cover the air inlet apertures in said carbureting chamber, a thin diaphragm mounted loosely on said valve, and means including a rod operated from the dash of the automobile for partially rotating said sleeve to admit gasoline directly from the needle valve into said carbureting chamber, or for admitting mixed hot exhaust gas and gasoline through said coil of pipe i to said carbureting chamber, said turning movement of said sleeve, for either result, being also arranged to turn said valve to open the air inlet ports of said carbureting chamber.

3. The combination with the intake and exhaust manifolds of an internal combustion engine, of a casting having a ,U-shaped passage at one end and a longitudinal passage leading therefrom, a valve controlled fuel inlet in the U-shaped pamage, a pipe connecting one end of the U-shaped passage with the exhaust manifold, a coiled pipe, one end of which connects with the end of the U-shaped passage, and the oppo site end of which connects with the opposite end of the longitudinal passage in said casting farthest from the U-shaped passage, a carbureting chamber in said casting provided with air inlet apertures in said intake manifold, a valve in said longitudinal passageway for connecting either end of the same with said air inlet nozzle, and a fuel supply connected with said fuel inlet.

4. The combination with the intake and exhaust manifolds of an internal combustion engine, of an air inlet member on said intake manifold and a depending member forming part of the same, having a longitudinal passage, which opens at one end into the'upper arm of a reclining U-shaped passage formed in said depending member, a valve midway of the length of the longitudinal passage adapted to connect either end of the same with the air inlet member, a Valve-controlled fuel inlet in the upper arm of the U-shaped passage, a pipe connecting said fuel inlet with a fuel supply, a coiled pipe connected to the upper arm of the U-shaped passage and to the end of the longitudinal passage farthest from the U-shaped passage, a pipe connecting the other arm. of the U-shaped passage with the exhaust manifold, and means for automatically' controlling the inflow of air to the said air inlet member.

5. The combination with the intake and exhaust pipes of an internal combustion engine, of an air inlet member secured to said intake pipe having a depending member provided with a longitudinal passage, a valve midway of the length of the depending member for connecting either end of the passage therein with the air inlet member, a U- shaped passage in one end of the depending member, the upper arm of which communicates with the longitudinal passage, a valve controlled fuel inlet in the U-shaped passage, a pipe connecting the lower arm f the U-shaped passage with the exhaust plpe of the engine, a coiled pipe connected at one end with the end of the said longitudinal passage farthest from the U-sha ed pas; sage, and at its opposite end with t e upper arm of the U-shaped passage, a fuel cup su ported within said coil and connected wi h the fuel inlet and with a fuel supply,

and a suction operated disk in said air inlet member for automatically controlling the entrance of air therein.

6. The combination with the intake and exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine, of means connected with the intake pipe for admittinga regulated supply of air thereto, a carbureting device depending from the air admittin means having a fuel inlet at one end thereo an adjustable needle valve for controlling the flow of fuel through said inlet, a pipe connectingthe-carbureting device on one side of the fuel inlet with the exhaust pipe, a coiled pipe connected at one end to the carbureting device and on'the site end, tothe opposite end of the car reting device, a valve midway of said carbureting device in continuous communicationwith said intake pipe, and adapted to open communication between either endof the carbureting device and the intake pipe, a gasoline cup supported within said coil, and connected with the fuel inlet and with a fuel supply, and means for operating said valve.

7. The combination with the intake and exhaust pipes of an internal combustion engine, of a casting having a longitudinal passage and a communicating U-shaped passage at one end, provided with a fuel inlet, a pipe connecting one end of said U-shaped passage with said exhaust pipe, an air inlet chamber in said casting connected with the intake pipe, and a pipe connecting the other end of the U-shaped passage with the opposite end of the longitudinal passage, whereby the exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe is drawnover the fuel inlet, carrying with it, liquid fuel which is thereby volatilized,

I a valve midway of the length of the horizontal passage for connecting the same on either side of said valve with the air inlet chamber, and a suctionoperated disk valve in said air inlet chamber for admitting air to saidvolatilized fuel.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of a witness.

WALTER L. RICE. Witness:

G. SARGENT ELLIOTT. 

